Publications

 

2008

2007

2006

2005

 2004

2003

2002 

2001

2000

1990-99

1980-89

1970-79

1960-69

1953-59

Non Research Publications

2008  Top

441. Mindy Levine, Daniel Mazori and Ronald Breslow, “Enantioselective Synthesis and Enantiomeric Amplification of Amino Acids under Prebiotic Conditions.” Org. Lett., 2008, 10, 2433-2436.

2007  Top

440. Jordan R. Quinn, Frank W. Foss, Jr., Latha Venkataraman, and Ronald Breslow, “Oxidation Potentials Correlate with Conductivities of Aromatic Molecular Wires,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2007, 129, 12376-12377.

439. Ronald Breslow, “A Fifty-Year Perspective on Chemistry in Water,” in Organic Reactions in Water, Marcus Lindstrom, ed., Blackwell Publishers, Oxford, 2007, pp. 1-28.

438. Jordan R. Quinn, Frank W. Foss, Jr., Latha Venkataraman, Mark S. Hybersten and Ronald Breslow, “Single-Molecule Junction Conductance through Diaminoacenes,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2007,  129, 6714-6715.

437. Ronald Breslow, Sujun Wei, and Craig Kenesky, “Enantioselective Transaminations by Dendrimeric Enzyme Mimics,” Tetrahedron, 2007, 63, 6317-6321.

436.  Subhajit Bandyopadhyay, Wenjun Zhou and Ronald Breslow, “Isotactic Polyethylenimines Induce Formation of L-Amino Acids in Transamination,”Org. Lett. 2007, 9, 1009-1012.

435. Paul A. Marks and Ronald Breslow, “Dimethylsulphoxide to vorinostat: development of this histone deacetylase inhibitor as an anticancer drug,” Nature Biotech. 2007, 25, 84-90.

2006  Top

434. Ronald Breslow, “The Hydrophobic Effect in Reaction Mechanism Studies and in Catalysis by Artificial Enzymes,” J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2006, 19, 813-822.

433. Ronald Breslow, Subhajit Bandyopadhyay, Mindy Levine, and Wenjun Zhou, “Water Exclusion and Enantioselectivity in Catalysis,” ChemBioChem 2006, 7, 1491-1496.

432. Ronald Breslow and Mindy Levine, “Amplification of enantiomeric concentrations under credible prebiotic conditions,” Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 2006,  103, 12979-12980.

431. Ronald Breslow and Mindy Levine, "Partial transfer of enantioselective chiralities from alpha-methylated amino acids, known to be of meteoritic origin, into normal amino acids," Tetrahedron Lett. 2006, 47, 1809-1812.

430. Zhenglai Fang and Ronald Breslow, "Metal Coordination-Directed Hydroxylation of Steroids with a Novel Artificial P-450 Catalyst," Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 251-254.

429. Iris W. Tam, Jiaming Yan, and Ronald Breslow; "An 11nm Molecular Wire that Switches Elechrochemically between and Insulating and a Fully Conjugated Conducting State," Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 183-185.

428. Xuefeng Guo, Joshua P. Small, Jennifer E. Klare, Yiliang Wang, Meninder S. Purewal, Iris W. Tam, Byung Hee Hong, Robert Caldwell, Limin Huang, Stephen O'Brien, Jiaming Yan, Ronald Breslow, Shalom J. Wind, James, Philip Kim, Colin Nuckolls, "Covalently Bridging Gaps in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Conducting Molecules," Science 2006, 311, 356-359.

2005  Top 

427. Christopher Uyeda, Mark Biscoe, Paul LePlae and Ronald Breslow, "Hydrophobically directed selective reduction of ketones using amine boranes," Tetrahedron Lett. 2005, 47, 127-130.

426. Zhenglai Fang and Ronald Breslow, "A Thiolate Ligand on a Cytochrome P-450 Mimic Permits the Use of Simple Environmentally Benign Oxidants for Biomimetic Steroid Hydroxylation in Water," Biorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2005, 15, 5463-5466.

425. Jason J. Chruma, Lei Liu, Wenjun Zhou and Ronald Breslow, "Hydrophobic and electronic factors in the design of dialkylglycine decarboxylase mimics," Bioorg. Med. Chem. 13, 5873-5883 (2005).

424. Mark R. Biscoe and Ronald Breslow, "Oxaziridinium Salts as Hydrophobic Epoxidation Reagents: Remarkable Hydrophobically-Directed Selectivity in Olefin Epoxidation," J. Am .Chem. Soc. 127, 10812-10813 (2005).

423. Lei Liu and Ronald Breslow, "Vitamin B6 Enzyme Models, in "Artificial Enzymes," R. Breslow, ed., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2005, pp. 37-62.

422. R. Breslow, "Artificial Enzymes," in "Artificial Enzymes," R. Breslow, ed., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2005, pp. 1-35.

421. R. Breslow, ed., "Artificial Enzymes," Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2005.

420. W. Zhou, N. Yerkes, J. J. Chruma, L. Liu, and R. Breslow, "Chiral polyamines from reduction of polypeptides: asymmetric pyridoxamine-mediated transaminations", Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15. 1351-1355 (2005).

2004  Top  

419. M. R. Biscoe, C. Uyeda, and R. Breslow, "Requirements for Selective Hydrophobic Acceleration in the Reduction of Ketones", Org. Lett. 6, 4331-4334 (2004).

418. D. Bong, I. Tam, and R. Breslow, "Oligothiophene Isocyanides for Platinum-Based Molecular Electronic Applications", J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 126, 11796-11797 (2004).

417. R. Breslow, "Determining the Geometries of Transition States by Use of Antihydrophobic Additives in Water," Accts. Chem. Res. 37, 471-478 (2004).

416. L. Liu and R. Breslow, "Polymeric and dendrimeric pyridoxal enzyme mimics," Bioorg. Med. Chem. 12, 3277-3287 (2004).

415. L. Liu, W. Zhou, J. Chruma, and R. Breslow, "Transamination Reactions with Multiple Turnovers Catalyzed by Hydrophobic Pyridoxamine Cofactors in the Presence of Polyethylenimine Polymers," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 8136-8137 (2004).

414. T. Ito, Y. Fudamoto, A. Fukaya, I. M. Gat-Malureanu, M. I. Larkin, P. L. Russo, A. Savici, Y. J. Uemura, K. Groves, R. Breslow, K. Hotehama, S. Yamanaka, P. Kyriakou, M. Rovers, G. M. Luke, K. M. Kojima, "Two-dimensional nature of superconductivity in the intercalated layered systems LixHfNCl and LixZrNCl: Muon spin relaxation and magnetization measurements," Phys. Rev. B 69, 134522/1-134522/13 (2004).

2003  Top

413. R. Breslow, "Polymeric enzyme mimics," Polymer Preprints 44, 480 (2003).

412. R. Pearman, D. T. Bong, R. Breslow, and G. W. Flynn, "Nanostructured thiophenes through self-assembly: Toward molecular electronics," Poly. Mat. Sci. and Engin. 89, 213 (2003).

411. M. R. Biscoe and R. Breslow, "Hydrophobically Directed Selective Reduction of Ketones," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 12718-12719 (2003).

410. M. Leivers, I. Tam, K. Groves, D. Leung, Y. Xie, and R. Breslow, "A Forbidden Rearrangement," Org. Lett. 5, 3407-3409 (2003).

409. L. Liu and R. Breslow, "Dendrimeric Pyridoxamine Enzyme Mimics," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 12110-12111 (2003).

408. W. Zhou, L. Liu, and R. Breslow, "Transamination by Polymeric Enzyme Mimics," Helv. Chim. Acta 86, 3560-3567 (2003).

407. D. Wilson, L. Perlson, and R. Breslow, "Helical Templating of Oligopeptides by Cyclodextrin Dimers," Bioorg. Med. Chem. 11, 2649-2653 (2003).

2002   Top  

406. S. Moore, J. A. Askew, G. L. Gibson, A. Aborgrein, T. Huckerby, O. M. A. El-Agnaf, D. Allsop, D. K. Leung, and R. Breslow, "Novel cyclodextrin dimers and trimers as inhibitors of amyloid peptide aggregation," Neurobiology of Aging 23, S105 (2002).

405. L. Liu, M. Rozenman, and R. Breslow, "Hydrophobic Effects on Rates and Substrate Selectivities in Polymeric Transaminase Mimics," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 12660-12661 (2002).

404. L. Liu, M. Rozenman, and R. Breslow, "Stereoselectivity in Reactions of Amino Acids Catalyzed by Pyridoxal Derivatives Carrying Rigidly-Attached Chirally-Mounted Basic Groups-Transamination, Racemization, Decarboxylation, Retro-Aldol Reaction, and Aldol Condensations," Bioorg. Med. Chem. 10, 3973-3979 (2002).

403. J. Yang, B. Gabriele, S. Belvedere, Y. Huang, and R. Breslow, "Catalytic Oxidations of Steroid Substrates by Artificial Cytochrome P-450 Enzymes," J. Org. Chem. 67, 5057-5067 (2002).

402. R. Breslow and Z. Fang, "Hydroxylation of Steroids with an Artificial P-450 Catalyst Bearing Synthetic Cyclophanes as Binding Groups," Tetrahedron Lett. 43, 5197-5200 (2002).

401. R. Breslow, "Biomimetic Regioselective Template-Directed Functionalizations: An Update," CHEMTRACTS Org. Chem., 15, 59-68 (2002).

400. L. Liu and R. Breslow, "A Potent Polymer/Pyridoxamine Enzyme Mimic," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 4978-4979 (2002).

399. R. Breslow, K. Groves, and M. Uljana Mayer, "Antihydrophobic Cosolvent Effects for Alkylation Reactions in Water Solution, Particularly Oxygen versus Carbon Alkylations of Phenoxide Ions," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 3622-3635 (2002).

398. R. Breslow, J. Yan, and S. Belvedere, "Catalytic Hydoxylation of Steroids by Cytochrome P-450 Mimics. Hydroxylation at C-9 with Novel Catalysts and Steroid Substrates," Tetrahedron Lett. 43, 363-365 (2002).

397. R. Breslow, J. Yang, and J. Yan, "Biomimetic Hydroxylation of Saturated Carbons with Artificial Cytochrome P-450 Enzymes-Liberating Chemistry from the Tyranny of Functional Groups," Tetrahedron 58, 653-659 (2002).

2001   Top

396. P. A. Marks, V. M. Richon, R. Breslow, and R. A. Rifkind, "Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as New Cancer Drugs," Curr. Opin. Oncol. 13, 477-483 (2001).

395. M. Leivers and R. Breslow, "Concerning Two-Metal Cooperativity in Model Phosphate Hydrolysis," Bioorg. Chem. 29, 345-356 (2001).

394. S. D. P. Baugh, Z. Yang, D. K. Leung, D. M. Wilson, and R. Breslow, " Cyclodextrin Dimers as Cleavable Carriers of Photodynamic Sensitizers," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 12488 -12494 (2001).

393. P. A. Marks, R. A. Rifkind, V. M. Richon, R. Breslow, T. Miller and W. K. Kelly, "Histone Deacetylases and Cancer: Causes and Therapies," Nature Reviews Cancer 1, 194-202 (2001).

392. R. Breslow, "Cyclodextrin Derivatives as Mimics of Enzymes and Antibodies," Biolog. J. Armenia 53, 117-120 (2001).

391. S. Belvedere and R. Breslow , "Regioselective Oxidation of Steroids by a Manganese Porphyrin Carrying Metal Coordinating Groups," Bioorg. Chem. 29, 321-331 (2001).

390. D. K. Leung, J. H. Atkins, and R. Breslow, "Synthesis and Binding Properties of Cyclodextrin Trimers," Tetrahedron Lett. 42, 6255-6258 (2001).

389. L. M. Butler, Y. Webb, D. B. Agus, B. Higgins, T. R. Tolentino, M. C. Kutko, M. P. LaQuaglia, M. Drobnjak, C. Cordon-Cardo, H. I. Scher, R. Breslow, V. M. Richon, R. A. Rifkind, and P. A. Marks, "Inhibition of Transformed Cell Growth and Induction of Cellular Differentiation by Pyroxamide, an Inhibitor of Histone Deacetylase," Clinical Cancer Research 2001, 7, 962-970 (2001).

388. L. Liu and R. Breslow, "Selective Racemization in Preference to Transamination Catalyzed by Pyridoxal Enzyme Analogs," Tetrahedron Lett. 42, 2775-2777 (2001).

2000    Top

387. R. Breslow, "Biomimetic Selectivity," The Chemical Record 2000, 1, 3-11 (2000).

386. J. Yang and R. Breslow, "Regioselective Oxidations of Equilenin Derivatives Catalyzed by a Rhodium (III) Porphyrin Complex&emdash;Contrast with the Manganese (III) Porphyrin," Tetrahedron Lett. 41, 8063-8067 (2000).

385. R. Breslow, "Extending Nature,", Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 144, 267-274 (2000).

384. R. Breslow, S. Belvedere, and L. Gershell, "Development of Cytodifferentiating Agents for Cancer Chemotherapy," Helv. Chim. Acta, 83, 1685-1692 (2000).

383. N. Nesnas, J. Lou, and R. Breslow, "The Binding of Cocaine to Cyclodextrins," Bioorg. & Med. Chem. Lett., 10, 1931-1933 (2000).

382. J. Yang and R. Breslow, "Selective Hydroxylation of a Steroid at C-9 by an Artificial Cytochrome P-450," Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 39, 2692-2694 (2000).

381. R. Breslow, S. Belvedere, L. Gershell, and D. Leung, "The Chelate Effect in Binding, Catalysis, and Chemotherapy," Pure Appl. Chem. 72, 333-342 (2000).

380. D. K. Leung, Z. Yang, and R. Breslow, "Selective Disruption of Protein Aggregation by Cyclodextrin Dimers," Proc. U.S. Natl. Acad. Sci. 97, 5050-5053 (2000).

379. J.Yan and R. Breslow, "An Enzyme Mimic that Hydrolyzes an Unactivated Ester with Catalytic Turnover," Tetrahedron Lett. 41, 2059-2062 (2000).

378. J. Yang, R. Weinberg, and R. Breslow, "The Hydroxylation and Amidation of Equilenin Acetate Catalyzed by Chloro[5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrinato]manganese(III)" Chem. Commun. 531-532 (2000).

1990 - 1999   Top

377. A. Ruebner, Z. Yang, D. Leung, and R. Breslow, "A Cyclodextrin Dimer with a Photocleavable Linker as a Possible Carrier for the Photosensitizer in Photodynamic Tumor Therapy," Proc. U.S. Natl. Acad. Sci. 96, 14692-14693 (1999).

376. R. Breslow, "Biomimetic Reactions Directed by Templates and Removable Tethers," in Templated Organic Synthesis, F. Diederich and P. Stang, eds, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 1999, chap. 6.

375. M. S. Finnin, J. R. Donigian, A. Cohen, V. M. Richon, R. A. Rifkind, P. A. Marks, R. Breslow, and N. A. Pavletich, "Structures of a Histone Deacetylase Homologue Bound to the TSA and SAHA Inhibitors," Nature 401, 188-193 (1999).

374. R. Breslow, K. Groves, and M. U. Mayer, "Antihydrophobic Cosolvent Effects in Organic Displacement Reactions," Org. Lett. 1, 117-120 (1999).

373. E. Fasella, S. D. Dong, and R. Breslow, "Reversal of Optical Induction in Transamination by Regioisomeric Bifunctionalized Cyclodextrins," Bioorg. Med. Chem. 7, 709-714 (1999).

372. R. Breslow, "Antiaromatic Triplet Ground State Nolecules: Building Blocks for Organic Magnets," in Magnetic Properties of Organic Materials, P. M. Lahti, ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999, chap. 3.

371. Y. Webb, X. Zhou, L. Ngo, V. Cornish, J. Stahl, H. Erdjument-Bromage, P. Tempst, R. A. Rifkind, P. A. Marks, R. Breslow, and V. M. Richon, "Photoaffinity Labeling and Mass Spectrometry Identify Ribosomal Protein S3 as a Potential Target for Hybrid Polar Cytodifferentiation Agents." J. Biol. Chem., 274, 14280-14287 (1999).

370. R. Breslow and N. Nesnas, "Burst Kinetics and Turnover in an Esterase Mimic," Tetrahedron Lett. 40, 3335-3338 (1999).

369. P. A. Marks, V. M. Richon, R. Breslow, and R. A. Rifkind, "Hybrid polar inducers of transformed cell differentiation/apoptosis. From the cell to the clinic," C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris/Life Sciences, 322, 161-165 (1999).

368. M. Sprecher, R. Breslow, R. Philosof-Oppenheimer, and E. Chavet, "Steroid Phosphate Esters," Tetrahedron , 55, 5465-5482 (1999).

367.R. Breslow, F. McCormick, and C. Werner, "A Stable Cyclopentenyl Trication Derivative," Tetrahedron Lett. 40, 2447-2448 (1999).

366. Y. Webb, L. Ngo, V. M. Richon, R. Breslow, R. Rifkind, and P. A. Marks, "Identification of a Poetential Target for Hybrid Polar Cytodifferentiation Agents," Proc. Amer. Assoc. for Cancer Res. 39, 108 (1998).

365. R. Breslow, K. Groves, and M. U. Mayer, "The Hydrophobic Effect as a Mechanistic Tool," Pure & Appl. Chem. 70, 1933-1938 (1998).

364. S. D. Dong and R. Breslow, "Bifunctional Cyclodextrin Metalloenzyme Mimics," Tetrahedron Lett. 39, 9343-9346 (1998).

363. D.-Q. Yuan, S. D. Dong, and R. Breslow, "Cyclodextrin-based Class I Aldolase Enzyme Mimics to Catalyze Crossed Aldol Condensations," Tetrahedron Lett. 39, 7673-7676 (1998).

362. M. Uljana Mayer and R. Breslow, "Antihydrophobic Evidence for the Single Electron Transfer Mechanism of Nucleophilic Substitution," J. Am. Chem. Soc,. 120, 9098-9099 (1998).

361. R. Breslow, "Water as a Solvent for Chemical Reactions," in "Green Chemistry," P. T. Anastas and T. C. Williamson, eds, Oxford Press, New York, 1998, chap. 13.

360. R. Breslow and S. D. Dong, "Biomimetic Reactions Catalyzed by Cyclodextrins and Their Derivatives," Chem. Rev. 98, 1997-2011 (1998).

359. R. Breslow, "Studies in Biomimetic Chemistry," Pure & Appl. Chem. 70, 267-270 (1998).

358. R. Breslow, Bioorganic Chemistry: A Natural and Unnatural Science, J. Chem. Ed. 75, 705-718 (1998).

357. R. Breslow, B. Gabriele, and J. Yang, "Geometrically Directed Selective Steroid Hydroxylation with High Turnover by a Fluorinated Artificial Cytochrome P-450," Tetrahedron Lett. 39, 2887-2890 (1998).

356. R. Breslow, Z. Yang, R. Ching, G. Trojandt, and F. Odobel, "Sequence Selective Binding of Peptides by Artificial Receptors in Aqueous Solution," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 3536-3537 (1998).

355. V. M. Richon, S. Emiliani, E. Verdin, Y. Webb, R. Breslow, R. A. Rifkind, and P. A. Marks, "A Class of Hybrid Polar Inducers of Transformed Cell Differentiation Inhibits Histone Deacetylases," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 3003-3007 (1998).

354. R. Breslow, "Biomimetic Chemistry: a Frontier at the Chemistry/Biology Interface," Chem. & Biol. 5, R27-28 (1998).

353. R. Breslow, Y. Huang, and J. Yang, "An Artificial Cyctochrome P450 that Hydroxylates Unactivated Carbons with Regio- and Stereoselectivity and Useful Catalytic Turnovers," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 11156-11158 (1997).

352. Z. Yang and R. Breslow, "Very Strong Binding of Lithocholic Acid to ß-Cyclodextrin," Tetrahedron Lett. 38, 6171-6172 (1997).

351. M. Rezac and R. Breslow, "A Mutase Mimic with Cobalamin Linked to Cyclodextrin," Tetrahedron Lett. 38, 5763-5766 (1997).

350. R. Breslow,"Imitating Antibodies and Enzymes," Proc. Robert A Welch Foundation 40th Conference on Chem. Res. 40, 1-11 (1997).

349. R. Breslow, X. Zhang, and Y. Huang, "Selective Catalytic Hydroxylation of a Steroid by an Artificial Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme," J. Am. Chem. Soc,. 119, 4535-4536 (1997).

348. R. Breslow, "What will Physical Organic Chemistry Achieve in the 21st Century," Pure & Appl. Chem. 69, 223-225 (1997).

347. J. Klicic, Y. Rubin, and R. Breslow, "Approaches to Stable Cyclopropenyl Anions: tris-1,2,3-p-Nitrophenylcyclopropene," Tetrahedron, 53, 4129-4136 (1997).

346. R. Xu and R. Breslow, "Triphenylcyclopropenium Bromide," Org. Syn., 74, 72-75 (1997).

345. B. Zhang and R. Breslow, "Ester Hydrolysis by a Catalytic Cyclodextrin Dimer Enzyme Mimic with a Metallobipyridyl Linking Group," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 119, 1676-1681 (1997).

344. R. Breslow, "Bifunctional Binding and Catalysis," NATO ASI Ser., Ser. E, 320, 113-135 (1996).

343. R. Breslow, X. Zhang, R. Xu, M. Maletic, and R. Merger, "Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Substrates that Bind to Metalloporphyrin Enzyme Mimics Carrying Two of Four Cyclodextrin Groups and Related Metallosalens," J. Am. Chem. Soc, 118, 11678-11679 (1996).

342. R. Breslow and C. Schmuck, "The Mechanism of Thiazolium Catalysis," Tetrahedron Lett. 37, 8241-8242 (1996).

341.R. Breslow and T. L. Sheppard, "Why Natural DNA is Based on 2'-Deoxyribose, with 3',5' Phosphodiester Links," Pure & Appl. Chem. 68, 2037-2041 (1996).

340. T. L. Sheppard and R. C. Breslow, "Selective Binding of RNA, but Not DNA, by Complementary 2',5'-Linked DNA," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 40, 9810-9811 (1996).

339. R. Breslow and W. H. Chapman, Jr., "On the Mechanism of Action of Ribonuclease A: Relevance of Enzymatic Studies with a p-Nitrophenylphosphate Ester and a Thiophosphate Ester," Proc. Natl. Acd. Sci. USA, 93, 10018-10021 (1996).

338. R. Breslow and B. Zhang, "Cholesterol Recognition and Binding by Cyclodextrin Dimers," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 118, 8495-8496 (1996).

337. R. Breslow, R. Connors, and Z. Zhu, "Mechanistic Studies Using Antihydrophobic Agents," Pure & Appl. Chem., 68, 1527-1533 (1996).

336. M. Maletic, H. Wennemers, D. Q. McDonald, R. Breslow, and W. C. Still, "Selective Binding of Dipeptides L-Phe-D-Pro and D-Phe-L-Pro to ß-Cyclodextrin," Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 35, 1490-1492 (1996)

335. R. Breslow and C. Schmuck, "Goodness of Fit in Complexes between Substrates and Ribonuclease Mimics: Effects on Binding, Catalytic Rate Constants, and Regiochemistry," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 6601-6605 (1996).

334. R. Breslow, S. D. Dong, Y. Webb, and R. Xu, "Further Studies on the Buffer-Catalyzed Cleavage and Isomerization of Uridyluridine. Medium and Ionic Strength Effects on Catalysis by Morpholine, Imidazole, and Acetate Buffers Help Clarify the Mechanisms Involved and Their Relationship to the Mechanism Used by the Enzyme Ribonuclease and by a Ribonuclease Mimic," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 6588-6600 (1996).

333. V. M. Richon, Y. Webb, R. Merger, T. Sheppard, B. Jursic, L. Ngo, F. Civoli, R. Breslow, R. A. Rifkind, and P. A. Marks, " Second Generation Hybrid Polar Compounds are Potent Inducers of Transformed Cell Differentiation," Proc. Natl. Acd. Sci. USA, 93, 5705- 5708 (1996).

332. R. Breslow and R. Connors, "Antihydrophobic Cosolvent Effects Detect Two Different Geometries for an SN2 Displacement and the Change to a Single-Electron Transfer Mechanisms in Related Cases," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 6323-6324 (1996).

331. R. Breslow, J. Desper, and Y. Huang, "A Selective Intramolecular Aldol Condensation Directed by a Bifunctional Enzyme Mimic," Tetrahedron Lett. 37, 2541-2544 (1996).

330. J. Light and R. Breslow, "A Water-soluble Tin Hydride: Tris[3-(2- methoxyethoxy)propyl]stannane", Org. Synth. 72,199 (1995).

329. R. Breslow, "Binding and Catalysis with Flexible Locks and Flexible Keys", Supramolecular Chemistry, 66, 41-47 (1995).

328. R. Breslow and Z. Zhu, "Quantitative Antihydrophobic Effects as Probes for Transition State Structures. 2. Diels-Alder Reactions", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117, 9923-9924 (1995).

327. R. Breslow and R. V. Connors, "Quantitative Antihydrophobic Effects as Probes for Transition State Structures. 1. Benzoin Condensation and Displacement Reactions", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117, 6601-6602 (1995).

326. W. H. Chapman, Jr., and R. Breslow, "Selective Hydrolysis of Phosphate Esters, Nitrophenyl Phosphates and UpU, by Dimeric Zinc Complexes Depends on the Spacer Length", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117, 5462-5469 (1995).

325. R. Breslow, "Studies on Bioorganic Reactions and Mechanisms", in Organic Reactivity: Physical and Biological Aspects, B. T. Golding, R. J. Griffin, and H. Maskill, eds., The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge England, 1995, Special Publication No. 148, pp. 3-24.

324. R. Breslow, P. J. Duggan, D. Wiedenfeld, and S. T. Waddell, "The Binding Properties of Cyclophane Dimers", Tetrahedron Lett. 36, 2707- 2710 (1995).

323. R. Breslow, "Biomimetic Chemistry and Artificial Enzymes: Catalysis by Design", Accts. Chem. Res. 28, 146-153 (1995).

322. R. Breslow, S. Halfon, and B. Zhang, "Molecular Recognition by Cyclodextrin Dimers", Tetrahedron, 51, 377-388 (1995).

321. M. Sprecher, R. Breslow, O. Uziel, and T. M. Link, "Monosubstituted 2,2'-Bipyridines", OPPI Briefs 26, 696-701 (1994).

320. J. M. Desper and R. Breslow, "Catalysis of an Intramolecular Aldol Condensation by Imidazole-Bearing Cyclodextrins", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 12081-12082 (1994).

319. J. T. Koh, L. Delaude, and R. Breslow, "Geometric Control of a Pyridoxal-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 11234-11240 (1994).

318. L. P. Le, A. Keren, G. M. Luke, W. D. Wu, Y. J Uemura, W. S. Jenks, A. Graff, R. Breslow, P. Dosanjh "mSR Studies in an I2-Doped Phenylenediamine Polymer", Hyperfine Interactions 85 287-292 (1994).

317. T. L. Sheppard, A. T. Rosenblatt, and R. Breslow, "Preparation of 2'-O- (b-Cyanoethyl phosphoramidites) of 3'-Deoxycytidine and 3'- Deoxyguanosine and their Use for Solid-Phase Synthesis of Oligodeoxynucleotides Containing 2',5'-Phosphodiester Linkages", J. Org. Chem. 59, 7243-7248 (1994).

316. R. Breslow, "The Chelate Effect in Binding, Catalysis, and Chemotherapy", Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 113, 493 (1994).

315. R. Breslow, "Hydrophobic and Antihydrophobic Effects on Organic Reactions in Aqueous Solution", in Structure and Reactivity in Aqueous Solution, C. J. Cramer and D. G. Truhlar, eds., American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1994, pp. 291-302.

314. R. Breslow and B. Zhang, "Cleavage of Phosphate Esters by a Cyclodextrin Dimer Catalyst that Binds the Substrates Together with La3+ and Hydrogen Peroxide", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 7893-7894 (1994).

313. R. Breslow, "Bifunctional Acid-Base Catalysis by Imidazole Groups in Enzyme Mimics", J. Mol. Cat. 91, 161-174 (1994).

312. R. Breslow, "Biomimetic Chemistry", Pure & Appl. Chem. 66, 1573- 1582 (1994).

311. R. Breslow and R. Kim, "The Thiazolium Catalyzed Benzoin Condensation with Mild Base Does not Involve a "Dimer" Intermediate", Tetrahedron Lett. 35, 699-702 (1994).

310. R. Breslow, "The Correct Use of Partitioning Ratios in the Derivation of Rate Equations" J. Chem. Ed. 71, 999-1000 (1993).

309. R. Breslow and A. Graff, "Geometry of Enolization Using a Bifunctional Cyclodextrin-Based Catalyst" J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 10988-10989 (1993).

308. R. Breslow and R. Xu, "Quantitative Evidence for the Mechanism of RNA Cleavage by Enzyme Mimics. Cleavage and Isomerization of UpU by Morpholine Buffers" J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 10705-10713(1993).

307. R. Jin, W. H. Chapman, Jr., A. R. Srinivasan, W. K. Olson, R. Breslow, and K. J. Breslauer, "Comparative Spectroscopic, Calorimetric, and Computational Studies of Nucleic Acid Complexes with 2',5"- versus 3',5"-phosphodiester Linkages," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 10568- 10572 (1993).

306. B. Zhang and R. Breslow, "Enthalpic Domination of the Chelate Effect in Cyclodextrin Dimers" J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 9353-9354 (1993).

305. R. Breslow, "Model Studies Clarify an Enzyme Mechanism" Citation Classic, Curr. Cont. Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences 33, 8 (1993). Curr. Cont. Engineering, Techanology, and Applied Sciences 24, 8 (1993).

304. R. Breslow, "Bifunctional Binding and Catalysis", Supramol. Chem. 1, 111-118 (1993).

303. R. Breslow and D. Wiedenfeld, "Quinoline and Acridine Templates in Selective Steroid Chlorinations", Tetrahedron Lett. 34, 1107-1110 (1993).

302. R. Breslow, "Kinetics and Mechanism in RNA Cleavage", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 1208-1211 (1993).

301. R. Breslow and R. Xu, "Recognition and Catalysis in Nucleic Acid Chemistry", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 1201-1207(1993).

300. R. Breslow, "Molecular Recognition", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 1139 (1993).

299. R. Breslow, "Selective Binding and Catalysis by Cyclodextrins", Minutes of the Sixth International Symposium on Cyclodextrins, Editions de Sante, Paris, 625-630 (1992).

298. R. Breslow, "Bifunctional Binding and Catalysis in Host-Guest Chemistry", Israel Jour. Chem. 32 , 23-30 (1992).

297. P. A. Marks, R. A. Rifkind, V. Richon, T. Powell, X. Busquets, L. Leng, H. Kiyokawa, J. Michaeli, B. Jursic, and R. Breslow, "Hexamethylene Bisacetamide and Related Agents as Inducers of Differentiation of Transformed Cells: Mechanism of Action and Potential for Cancer Therapy", Concise Reviews in Experimental and Clinical Hematology, Martin J. Murphy, Ed., AlphaMed Press, Dayton, Ohio, (1992) 91-99.

296. R. Breslow and S. Halfon, "Quantitative Effects of Antihydrophobic Agents on Binding Constants and Solubilities in Water", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 6916-6918 (1992).

295. J. P. Dougherty, C. J. Rizzo, and R. Breslow, "Oligonucleotides That Contain 2',5" Linkages: Synthesis and Hybridization Properties", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 6254-6255 (1992).

294. R. Breslow and T. Link, "Chemical Degradation of Steroid Side Chains. Efficient Conversion of Cholestanol to Corticosteroid Intermediates", Tetrahedron Lett. 33, 4145-4148 (1992).

293. C. J. Rizzo, J. P. Dougherty and R. Breslow, "3'-Deoxy-2'- Phosphoramidates of Adenosine and 5-Methyluridine Used for the Solid Phase Synthesis of Unnatural 3'-Deoxy-2',5"-Oligonucleotides", Tetrahedron Lett. 33, 4129-4132 (1992).

292. R. Breslow and B. Zhang, "Very Fast Ester Hydrolysis by a Cyclodextrin Dimer with a Catalytic Linking Group", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 5882-5883 (1992).

291. R. Breslow, "Binding and Catalysis in Water", Supramolecular Chemistry, 411-428 (1992).

290. R. Breslow, P. J. Duggan, and J. P. Light , "Cyclodextrin-B12, a Potential Enzyme-Coenzyme Mimic", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 3982-3983 (1992).

289. G. A. Crispino and R. Breslow, "Synthesis of Tripyridiniumpropenyl Anions from Tripyridiniumcyclopropanes and -cyclopropenes" J. Org. Chem. 57, 1849-1855 (1992).

288. R. Breslow, "Oxidation by Remote Functionalization Methods", in "Comprehensive Organic Synthesis", Barry M. Trost, ed., vol. 7, 39-53, Pergamon Press, Oxford (1991).

287. R. Breslow, "How do Imidazole Groups Catalyze the Cleavage of RNA in Enzyme Models and in Enzymes? Evidence from "Negative Catalysis"", Accts. Chem. Res. 24, 317-324 (1991).

286. D. Wiedenfeld and R. Breslow, "Directed Formation of Carbon- Bromine and Carbon-Sulfur Bonds by Tandem Radical Chain Reactions", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 8977-8978 (1991).

285. R. Breslow, B. Jursic, Z. F. Yan, E. Friedman, L. Leng, L. Ngo, R. A. Rifkind, and P. A. Marks, "Potent Cytodifferentiating Agents Related to Hexamethylenebisacetamide", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 5542-5546 (1991).

284. R. Breslow, "Hydrophobic Effects on Simple Organic Reactions in Water", Accts. Chem. Res. 24, 159-164 (1991).

283. R. Breslow and D.-L. Huang, "Effects of Metal Ions, including Mg2+ and Lanthanides, on the Cleavage of Ribonucleotides and RNA Model Compounds", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 4080-4083 (1991).

282. R. Breslow and Carmelo J. Rizzo, "Chaotropic Salt Effects in a Hydrophobically Accelerated Diels-Alder Reaction", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 4340-4341 (1991).

281. R. Breslow and J. W. Canary, "Rapid Nucleophilic Substitutions on Cyclopentadienyl Iodide and Bromide", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 3950- 3952 (1991).

280. R. Breslow, "Enzyme Mimics", Ciba Foundation Symposium 158, 115-127 (1991).

279. R. Breslow, E. Anslyn, and D.-L. Huang, "Ribonuclease Mimics", Tetrahedron 47, 2365-2376 (1991).

278. R. Breslow and G. A. Crispino, "Tripyridylcyclopropene Derivatives and their Conversion to Hexapyridylbenzene", Tetrahedron Lett. 32, 601-604 (1991).

277. R. Breslow and S. Chung, "Strong Binding of Ditopic Substrates by a Doubly Linked Occlusive C1 "Clamshell" as Distinguished from an Aversive C2 "Loveseat" Cyclodextrin Dimer", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 9659-9660 (1990).

276. P. A. Marks, R. A. Rifkind and R. Breslow, "Induced Differentiation of Transformed Cells: Mechanism of Action and Application in Cancer Therapy" in Molecular Basis of Haematopoiesis , L. Sachs, N. G. Abraham, C. Weidemann, A. S. Levine and G. Konwalinka, eds., Intercept, Ltd., Andlover, Great Britain, 579-586 (1990).

275. R. Breslow and D.-L. Huang, "A Negative Catalytic Term Requires a Common Intermediate in the Imidazole Buffer Catalyzed Cleavage and Rearrangement of Ribodinucleotides", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 9621-9623 (1990).

274. P. White and R. Breslow, "Molecular Mechanics Calculations on Template-Directed Steroid Chlorinations: Are Transition States Rigidified by the Geometric Trajectory Requirements for Effective Energy Transfer?" J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 6842-6847 (1990).

273. R. Breslow, "Enzyme Mimics", Pure & Appl. Chem., 62, 1859-1866 (1990).

272. R. Breslow, J. W. Canary, M. Varney, S. T. Waddell, and D. Yang, "Artificial Transaminases Linking Pyridoxamine to Binding Cavities: Controlling the Geometry", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 5212-5219 (1990).

271. J. Light and R. Breslow, "A Water Soluble Tin Hydride Reagent" Tetrahedron Lett. 31, 2957-2958 (1990).

270. R. Breslow, D. Berger, and D.-L. Huang, "Bifunctional Zinc-Imidazole and Zinc-Thiophenol Catalysts" J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 3686-3687 (1990).

269. R. Breslow, "Partitioning Ratios and a Biochemical Kinetic Dilemma" J. Chem. Ed. 67, 228-229 (1990).

268. R. Breslow, "Enzyme Mimics" UCLA Symposia on Mol. and Cell. Biol. 110, 135-144 (1990).

267. J. Light and R. Breslow, "The Hydrolysis of a Co(III) Chelated Amide Catalyzed by an Internal Phosphonic Acid Group" Bioorg. Chem. 18, 63-77 (1990).

266. R. Breslow and S. Chung, "Additional Flexibility Solves the Leaving Group Problem in Cyclodextrin Acylation" Tetrahedron Lett. 31, 631-634 (1990).

265. R. Breslow and T. Guo, "Surface Tension Measurements Show that Chaotropic Salting-in Denaturants are not just Water-structure Breakers" Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 167-169 (1990).

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264. P. A. Marks, R. Breslow, and R. A. Rifkind, "Induced Cytodifferentiation of Transformed Cells: an Approach to Cancer Treatment" Anticancer Drugs, H. Tapiero, J. Robert, and T. J. Lampidis, eds., John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. (1989).

263. P. A. Marks, R. Breslow, and R. A. Rifkind, "Induced Cytodifferentiation of Transformed Cells: an Approach to Cancer Treatment" J. Cellular Pharmacol. 7-11 (1989).

262. R. Breslow, "4n Pi Electron Triplet Species and their Potential Use in Organic Ferromagnets" Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 176, 199-210 (1989).

261. E. Anslyn and R. Breslow, "Proton Inventory of a Bifunctional Ribonuclease Model" J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111, 8931-8932 (1989).

260. R. Breslow, N. Greenspoon, T. Guo and R. Zarzycki, "Very Strong Binding of Appropriate Substrates by Cyclodextrin Dimers" J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111, 8296-8297 (1989).

259. R. Breslow and S. Chung, "A Novel Synthesis of Substituted Imidazoles, and a Reexamination of a Purported Chymotrypsin Model" Tetrahedron Lett. 30, 4345-4346 (1989).

258. P. A. Marks, R. Breslow, R. A. Rifkind, L. Ngo, and R. Singh, "Polar/apolar Chemical Inducers of Differentiation of Transformed Cells: Strategies to Improve Therapeutic Potential" Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 86, 6358-6362 (1989).

257. E. Anslyn and R. Breslow, "Geometric Evidence on the Ribonuclease Model Mechanism", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111, 5972-5973 (1989).

256. R. Breslow, A. B. Brown, R. D. McCullough and P. W. White, "Substrate Selectivity in Epoxidation by Metalloporphyrin and Metallosalen Catalysts Carrying Binding Groups", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111, 4517-4518 (1989).

255. E. Anslyn and R. Breslow, "On the Mechanism of Catalysis by Ribonuclease: Cleavage and Isomerization of the Dinucleotide UpU by Imidazole Buffers", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111, 4473-4482 (1989).

254. R. Breslow, Deeng-Lih Huang, and E. Anslyn,"On the Mechanism of Action of Ribonucleases: Dinucleotide Cleavage Catalyzed by Imidazole and Zn2+", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 1746-1750 (1989).

253. R. Batra and R. Breslow, "The Radical Relay Chlorination of Flexible Nicotinate Esters", Heterocycles 28, 23-28 (1989).

252. R. Batra and R. Breslow, "Double Functionalization of Cholestanol Directed by Selective Bifunctional Templates", Tetrahedron Lett., 30, 535-538 (1989).

251. H.-J. Thiem, M. Brandl and R. Breslow, "Molecular Modelling Calculations on the Acylation of b-Cyclodextrin by Ferroceneacrylate Esters", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110, 8612-8616 (1988).

250. R. Breslow and S. Singh, "Phosphate Ester Cleavage Catalyzed by Bifunctional Zinc Complexes: Comments on the 'p-Nitrophenyl Ester Syndrome'", Bioorg. Chem. 16, 408-417 (1988).

249. R. Breslow, "Biomimetic Regioselective Template-directed Functionalizations", Chemtracts Org. Chem. 1, 333-348 (1988).

248. R. Breslow, J. Chmielewski, D. Foley, B. Johnson, N. Kumabe, M. Varney, and R. Mehra, "Optically Active Amino Acid Synthesis by Artificial Transaminase Enzymes", Tetrahedron, 44, 5515-5524 (1988).

247. R. Breslow, "Artificial Enzymes: Studies Relevant to Reaction Mechanisms of Enzymes and Enzymes Models", Proc. Robert A. Welch Found. Conf. on Chem. Res., 31 73-89 (1988).

246. R. Breslow and T. Guo, "Diels-Alder Reactions in Nonaqueous Polar Solvents. Kinetic Effects of Chaotropic and Antichaotropic Agents and of b-Cyclodextrin", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, 5613 (1988).

245. R. Breslow, "Molecules that Mimic Enzymes", New Scientist, 119, 44 (1988).

244. J. Thomaides, P. Maslak, and R. Breslow, "Electron-Rich Hexasubstituted Benzene Derivatives and their Oxidized Cation Radicals, Dications with Potential Triplet Ground States, and Polycations", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, 3970 (1988).

243. R. Breslow and E. Kool, "A g-Cyclodextrin Thiazolium Salt Holoenzyme Mimic for the Benzoin Condensation", Tetrahedron Lett., 29, 1635 (1988).

242. E. T. Kool and R. Breslow, "Dichotomous Salt Effects in the Hydrophobic Acceleration of the Benzoin Condensation", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, 1596 (1988).

241. R. Breslow, "Selective Reactions Catalyzed by Enzyme Mimics", Chemica Scripta, 27, 555 (1987).

240. R. Breslow, "Artificial Enzymes", Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 52, 75-81 (1987).

239. R. Breslow, A. Adams, M. Brandl, T. Guo, and J. Hunger, "Heterocycles as Templates in Directed Functionalization Reaction", Lectures in Heterocyclic Chem., Vol. IX, 43 (1987).

238. R. Breslow, M. Brandl, J. Hunger, N.J. Turro, K. Cassidy, K Krogh-Jespersen, and J. D. Westbrook, "Pyridine Complexes of Chlorine Atoms", J. Am Chem. Soc., 109, 7204-7026 (1987).

237. T. J. Lepage and R. Breslow, "Charge-Transfer Complexes as Potential Organic Ferromagnets", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 109, 6412-6421 (1987).

236. R. Breslow and T. Guo, "The Thioxanthone System as a Template in Free Radical Relay Chlorination of a Steroid", Tet. Letters, 28, 3187-3188 (1987).